Oliyee e



' 0. E. ALLEN.

Car Spring.

Patented May 5, 1868.

OLIVER E. ALLEN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

Letters Patent No. 77,438,dated May 5, 1868.

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TO ALL WI-IOM IT MAY OONCERN:

Be it known that I, OLIVER E. ALLEN, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulv Improvements in' Car-Springs; and I do hereby declare `the following to be a full, clear, and exact des'cription'of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specililcation, in which- Figure 1 represents an external viewA of the spring.

Figure 2 represents a vertical section through the same.

My invention consists in a spring of peculiar construction, which is enclosed in a metallic case, and upon which the pressure is brought by a plunger or follower entering the said case, saidspring being composed substantially of a vulcanized India-rubber body, with metallic or other` suiiciently strong heads or anges, and wound around by wonllen yarn, or its equivalent, so that the rubber and yarn or exterior elastic covering may contract and expand together, one aiding, protecting, and strengthening the other.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proeed to describe the same with reference to the drawings.

In iig. 2, A represents an India-rubber body, ot' cylindrical form, and of such length and diameter as the load it is designed to sustain may require. The rubber should, of course, be vulcanized or cured so as to main', tain as nearly as possible its normal condition and form.

B B are metallic heads, which may be united to the ends, respectively, ot' the rubber by screws a a, or

otherwise, so as to form a spool, on which is wound woollen yarn, C, or -its equivalent, suiicient to ll or nearly fill the spool, the heads serving as guides and holders to the wound yarn.

While the rubber and exterior winding of yarn mutually sustain und strengthen each other, they jointly produce a degree of expansive pwer or resistance that neither, of itself, is capable of doing or even approximating. The wound rubber, it has been found byexperiment, will resist some five times or more pressure without rupture than the rubber without the winding will resist. The woollen exterior also protects the rubber (it being a non-conductor of heat) from devulcanization by exposure and the suns rays. The two substances are peculiarly constituted for joint co-operation as a spring, and for supporting and protecting each o ther.

The spring, constructed as above described, is placed in a case or cylinder, D, the upper end. of which is closed, and the lower end open, and aArubber or other packing, c, placed against the end of the spring next the open end of the case or cylinder, said packing protecting the spring and its chamber from dust and exposure. The end of the plunger or follower E,is made to'snugly fit and enter the lower end of the case, and to bear against the end of the spring therein. i

In winding the yarn upon the exterior oi' tbe rubber, it may be laid regularly or'irregularly, and such an amount of friction may be applied as will cause it to wind suciently tight.

The spring, though mainly designed for use on cars, may be used for other purposes, and as it takes the pressure upon its ends, it may be used either end up. The encasing of the spring in a metallic case, which it should neatly fill, restricts the-circumferential expansion, and causes the spring to react as soon as the pressure is taken from it, the rubber carrying up into proper position thcwound jacket or covering of yarn.v

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim therein as new, and desirefto secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A spool for a car or other spring, composed of an India-rubber centre, surrounded by woollen yarn or other exterior elastic covering, substantially as described.

2. I also claim a car-spring, composed of vulcanized rubber, and wound around by woollcn yarn or other 'exterior elastic covering, and placed and used in a metallic case or exterior, substantially as herein described.

OLIVER. E. ALLEN. i Witnesses:

A. B. SrouenroN, EDM. F. BxowN. 

